Boiler dust collector

Boiler dust collector is a commonly used supporting equipment in boilers and industrial production. Its function is to remove particulate smoke and dust from boiler fuel and combustion emissions, thereby significantly reducing the amount of smoke and dust discharged into the atmosphere. This is an important environmental protection equipment for environmental pollution and improving air quality.

Boiler dust collectors are suitable for dust removal, smoke reduction, and desulfurization, with characteristics such as low resistance, flexible installation and layout, desulfurization, and long service life. According to different principles, boiler dust collectors can be divided into cyclone dust collectors, bag dust collectors, boiler desulfurization dust collectors, boiler electrostatic dust collectors, etc.

Working principle of boiler dust collector:

After the guide pipe enters the cooling device for treatment, it enters the bag filter. Under the guidance of the ash hopper guide system, large particle dust is separated and directly falls into the ash hopper. The remaining dust enters the filtering room of each unit, and is guided by the smoke distribution device to enter the filtering room in all aspects. The airflow enters the filtering area of the middle box, and the filtered clean gas passes through the filter bag and is discharged through the upper box, lifting valve, and exhaust pipe. As the filtration progresses, when the dust on the surface of the filter bag reaches a certain amount, the dust removal control device closes the lifting valve according to the set program, opens the electromagnetic pulse valve for spraying, shakes off the dust on the filter bag, and falls into the ash hopper and is discharged through the ash discharge valve.

Boiler dust collector cleaning:

The filter chamber of the boiler dust collector is equipped with a spray pipe at the outlet of the bag, and there is a spray port on the side of the pipe facing the dust bag. Each spray pipe is connected to the air bag by an electromagnetic pulse valve. When starting to clean the dust, first open the valve, and compressed air is sprayed into the inside of the filter bag from the nozzle, causing the bag to shake and form a back blowing airflow. The fine dust adhering to the outside of the bag completes the cleaning process. 

Advantages of boiler dust collector:

1. The design of dust removal equipment is arbitrary and does not affect the dust removal effect. It has small volume, high wind speed, low noise, low energy consumption, and low maintenance costs in the later stage.

2. High temperature dusty gas can be cooled down to avoid filter bags, affecting dust removal efficiency or causing fires.

3. When dust gas passes through the ash hopper, due to the upward folding change of the airflow, larger dust particles directly fall into the ash hopper due to their own weight, thus achieving the pre dust removal effect.

4. This dust removal equipment adopts a chamber pulse dust cleaning operation, which does not affect the dust removal work. It can also provide convenient conditions for maintenance and bag cage replacement during non-stop operation of dust removal.

5. By adopting a chamber pulse cleaning method, the spraying time is extended, energy consumption is reduced, wear on the pulse valve diaphragm and keel filter bag is reduced, and the service life of vulnerable parts is increased.

Precautions for normal operation of boiler dust collector:

1. Reduce smoke temperature, prevent air leakage, and adjust the distribution of cold and hot airflow. a. Repair the air preheater and economizer to improve their heat exchange efficiency and reduce the flue gas temperature below 150 ℃. b. Prevent air leakage in the furnace, air preheater, flue, and dust collector, and reduce the oxygen content in the dust collector flue gas (less than 8%). c. The dust collector should have good insulation to prevent acid corrosion caused by condensation. d. Make adjustments to the distribution of cold and hot airflow.

2. Control the spraying pressure well and extend the spraying interval. The resistance of newly put into production equipment is relatively low. It is beneficial to adjust the injection pressure, pulse width, and extend the injection interval appropriately, which can prolong the service life of filter bags. After running around la, the resistance of the filter bag will gradually stabilize. The injection pressure can be appropriately increased and the injection interval can be shortened as needed.

3. Pre spray the filter bag before starting. Check that there is sufficient ash in the ash storage tank, start the induced draft fan, and pre spray the filter bag of the bag filter until there is a 2-3mm thick dust layer on the surface area of the dust removal bag (which takes about 3 hours), and then the boiler can be ignited with oil. To protect the filter bags, they should be pre sprayed before each boiler ignition and the pre spraying effect should be checked. The ignition oil gun should atomize well and burn well to prevent a large amount of unburned oil droplets from being carried to the back of the furnace, resulting in burnt bags.

Protective measures for boiler dust collector:

1. Insulation measures should be taken at the inlet pipeline, main body, and ash hopper of the dust collector to prevent condensation.

2. Temperature detection and automatic alarm devices are installed at the inlet and exhaust ports of the dust collector, and a cold air inlet device is installed at the inlet. Once the flue gas exceeds the temperature range of bag dust removal, an alarm will sound and temperature control measures will be automatically taken to operate the dust collector.

3. Electric heating and vibration devices are installed on the ash hopper to avoid the problem of strong exposure and ash accumulation caused by low temperature.